Terra Incognita

A procedural terrain generator using Fractal Brownian Motion (fBm).

1. Noise

We use Value/Simplex Noise to generate smooth, natural-looking randomness. Unlike simple Math.random(), which is just static, noise allows nearby points to have similar values.

2. Fractals

To create mountains, we layer multiple "Octaves" of noise on top of each other:

Height = Noise(x) + 0.5*Noise(2x) + 0.25*Noise(4x)...

This mimics nature: large shapes (continents) have medium details (ranges) which have small details (rocks).

3. Biomes

We generate two noise maps: one for Elevation and one for Moisture. By combining them, we decide if a pixel is a Desert (Hot+Dry), Rainforest (Hot+Wet), or Tundra (Cold+Dry).